完形填空是高考英语较难的一个题目，阅读理解得满分并非很难的事情，但很难见到完形填空有得满分的同学。究其原因，在于完形填空的上下文连接非常紧密，考查点很细很全，学生不仅要有良好的基础知识，还要善于联系上下文并结合生活常识甚至中西文化差异来解题。
学魁榜师姐（ID:xkb966)今天从完形填空的题型特点、解题步骤和解题技巧三方面来帮助同学们更完美的解答完形填空题。但是，光知道方法不代表完事大吉，同学们一定要加以练习，把方法和实践相结合。
Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.
本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。
如：
___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.
A. Because B. While C. If D. Since
【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用 if 引导。
如：
They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths.
A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered
【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。
如：
It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief.
A. after B. when C. before D. until
【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型，意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。
如：
I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.
A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion
【解析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。
如：
“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking toward us. We both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect.
1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put
2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants
3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired
4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet
【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中，我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来，这是固定搭配jump to one’s feet (跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案，因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来，所以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此处指的应该是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起来，环顾四周”，所以第一空的答案为A;最后，根据句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案为B。
如：
The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.
A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again
【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是carefully，既然是“认真地看”，就不会是in a minute (立刻、马上);既然互不相识，作者也未曾去找过工作，不会是as usual(像往常一样);前面没说已经打量过作者一次了，所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.
(1) 句中逻辑关系
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and___45___nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.
A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely
【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系，即and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此，在45空考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副词，而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。rarely(很少地，罕有地)虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与usually相反，不符合一一对应的一致性，因此排除。只有C项sometimes(不时，有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻辑对应。故选C。
(2) 句间逻辑关系
在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如：
Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. ___13___, she encourages them to get ___14___ ways to do business.
A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While
【解析】根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是转折，意思是“Old Mr Cleveland把工人用带子捆绑起来(没有任何自由)，而她不那样，相反(instead)她鼓励雇员”。
(3) 段间逻辑关系
这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。如：
Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.
A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore
【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现;第二就是段落的前后衔接。但是，这个题出现在第二段的第一句 ，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看，我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现了一种转折关系。故选C。
如：
After ___2___ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.
A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying
【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为plant。
如：
A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and___59___room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。
如：
Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them ___42___ and active.
A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse
【解析】因空格处与and后面的active是平行的，所以答案为与active意思相近的alive。
如：
...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___47___: agriculture, diving and mathematics.
A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents
【解析】此题后面的冒号部分有提示：agriculture，diving and mathematics是他们谈话讨论的话题，由此可得出本题的答案为B。
如：
I was so surprised that I was ___47___(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. ___48___(As a result), at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ___49___(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading).
【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折，我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made an effort，get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得出的。
如：
And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day… Since he was ___44___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose any time.
A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving
【解析】单从这句来看，考生实难判断出正确答案，但如果结合前文，就可以找到设空部分的解题线索——上文中出现的词汇leaving。故本题答案为D。
以上是学魁榜师姐为大家整理的关于英语完形填空的14个解题攻略，完型填空比较薄弱的同学可以参考上面的方法，根据自己的实际情况找到适合自己的方法，希望在2018年的英语高考中，同学们能够取得理想的成绩！
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发表于 2017-12-5 11:43
